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brackish taste

  • 1 вкус

    Авиация и космонавтика. Русско-английский словарь > вкус

  • 2 быть сладким на вкус

    Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > быть сладким на вкус

  • 3 солоноватый

    Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > солоноватый

  • 4 орган вкуса

    Русско-английский научный словарь > орган вкуса

  • 5 солоноватый вкус

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > солоноватый вкус

  • 6 asperitas

    aspĕrĭtas, ātis, f. [asper], the quality of asper, unevenness, roughness (opp. 2. levitas).
    I.
    Lit.:

    saxorum asperitates,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 39, 98:

    asperitas viarum,

    id. Phil. 9, 1, 2:

    locorum,

    Sall. J. 75, 2:

    angustiae locorumque asperitas,

    Liv. 32, 12 fin.; 43, 21; 44, 5 al.:

    linguae,

    Plin. 11, 37, 65, § 172:

    ventris,

    id. 11, 37, 79, § 201:

    squamarum,

    Gell. 2, 6:

    faucium,

    Plin. 30, 4, 11, § 32:

    animi asperitas seu potius animae,

    hoarseness, id. 22, 24, 51, § 111:

    ob asperitatem hiemis,

    roughness, severity, Tac. A. 4, 56:

    asperitas frigorum abest,

    id. Agr. 12:

    densaque cedit Frigoris asperitas,

    Ov. F. 4, 88 al.:

    asperitas luti,

    dryness, barrenness of the clay, Vitr. 2, 3.—Of raised work (cf. 1. asper, I., and exaspero):

    vasa anaglypta in asperitatemque excisa,

    with figures in basrelief, Plin. 33, 11, 49, § 139.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    Of taste, harshness, sharpness, acidity, tartness:

    vini,

    Plin. 14, 19, 24, § 120:

    pomi,

    id. 12, 10, 21, § 38:

    aceti,

    id. 9, 35, 58, § 120:

    aquarum,

    the brackish taste of water, id. 12, 9, 20, § 37 al. —
    2.
    Of hearing, roughness, harshness of tone:

    vocis,

    Lucr. 4, 542:

    soni,

    Tac. G. 3.—
    3.
    Of sight, inequality, contrast:

    cum aspectus ejus scaenae propter asperitatem eblandiretur omnium visus,

    on account of the contrast of light and shade, Vitr. 7, 5:

    intercolumniorum,

    id. 3, 3.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Of moral qualities, roughness, harshness, severity, fierceness, asperity:

    si quis eā asperitate est et immanitate naturae, congressus ut hominum fugiat atque oderit, etc.,

    Cic. Lael. 23, 87:

    avunculi,

    Nep. Att. 5, 1:

    patris,

    Ov. M. 9, 752:

    artibus ingenuis Pectora mollescunt, asperitasque fugit,

    id. P. 1, 6, 8:

    asperitatis et invidiae corrector,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 129.—Of a rigid, austere manner of life: quam illorum (Stoicorum) tristitiam atque asperitatem fugiens Panaetius nec acerbitatem sententiarum nec disserendi spinas probavit, Cic. Fin. 4, 28, 79; cf. 1. asper, II. A.—And of rudeness in external appearance, opp. to a polished, cultivated bearing:

    asperitas agrestis,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 6.—
    B.
    Of things, adversity, reverse of fortune, trouble, severity, difficulty (cf. 1. asper, II. B., and acerbitas):

    in his vel asperitatibus rerum vel angustiis temporis obsequar studiis nostris,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 1, 3:

    asperitas belli,

    Sall. J. 29, 1:

    remedii,

    Tac. A. 1, 44.—Of style, roughness, harshness, trachutês (cf. 1. asper, II. B.):

    oratio in quā asperitas contentionis oratoris ipsius humanitate conditur,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 53, 212. judicialis asperitas, id. ib. 2, 15, 64; so Quint. 1, 8, 11; 10, 5, 14 (cf. id. 11, 3, 23):

    verborum,

    Ov. M. 14, 526.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > asperitas

  • 7 salmastro

    1. adj briny
    2. m salt
    * * *
    salmastro agg. brackish; salty, saltish: acque salmastre, brackish water
    ◆ s.m. salty taste.
    * * *
    [sal'mastro] salmastro (-a)
    1. agg
    (acqua) salt attr, (sapore) salty
    2. sm
    (sapore) salty taste, (odore) salty smell
    * * *
    [sal'mastro] 1.
    aggettivo [ acqua] brackish
    2.
    sostantivo maschile salty taste
    * * *
    salmastro
    /sal'mastro/
     [ acqua] brackish
     salty taste.

    Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > salmastro

  • 8 faulig

    I Adj. rotten; (modrig) mo(u)ldy; (faulend) rotting; Geruch: foul, putrid; Wasser: foul, brackish
    II Adv. riechen, schmecken: foul
    * * *
    putrefactive; putrid; rotten
    * * *
    fau|lig ['faulɪç]
    1. adj
    going bad; Lebensmittel going bad, going off (Brit); Eier, Obst going bad, going rotten; Wasser stale; (in Teich, See etc) stagnating; Geruch, Geschmack foul, putrid
    2. adv

    fáúlig schmecken/riechen — to taste/smell bad; (Wasser) to taste/smell foul

    * * *
    fau·lig
    [ˈfaulɪç]
    adj rotten
    ein \fauliger Geruch a foul smell
    ein \fauliger Geschmack a foul taste
    \fauliges Wasser stagnant water
    \faulig riechen/schmecken to smell/taste foul
    * * *
    Adjektiv stagnating < water>; putrefying < meat>; < meat> which is going bad; rotting <vegetables, fruit>; foul, putrid < smell>

    faulig schmecken/riechen — taste/smell bad or off

    * * *
    A. adj rotten; (modrig) mo(u)ldy; (faulend) rotting; Geruch: foul, putrid; Wasser: foul, brackish
    B. adv riechen, schmecken: foul
    * * *
    Adjektiv stagnating < water>; putrefying < meat>; < meat> which is going bad; rotting <vegetables, fruit>; foul, putrid < smell>

    faulig schmecken/riechen — taste/smell bad or off

    * * *
    adj.
    rotten adj.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > faulig

  • 9 faul

    I Adj.
    1. Obst, Gemüse, Ei, Zähne etc.: rotten, bad; Fisch, Fleisch: bad, präd. Brit. off, Am. bad; (stinkend) putrid; Holz: rotten; Wasser: foul, brackish; Luft: foul
    2. (träge) lazy, idle; faules Aas umg., pej. Mann: lazy sod (Am. bum) Sl.; Frau: lazy bitch; umg., hum. lazybones (Sg.) auf der faulen Haut liegen laze around; sich auf die faule Haut legen take a rest; er, nicht faul, handelte sofort he was on the ball and took immediate action; du hast wohl heute deinen faulen Tag? you must be having your lazy day today; am Wochenende war ich mal so richtig schön faul I had a really lazy time at the weekend
    3. fig. pej. Ausrede: lame; Kompromiss etc.: shabby; Friede: phon(e)y umg.; Witz: bad; Scheck, Wechsel: dud; (verdächtig) Person: shady; Sache: fishy; fauler Zauber humbug; da ist doch etwas faul there’s something fishy about it; etwas ist faul im Staate Dänemark something is rotten in the state of Denmark
    II Adv.: faul herumliegen laze around ( oder about); häng hier nicht faul rum, hilf mir lieber umg. instead of hanging around doing nothing you could help me
    * * *
    (kariös) decayed;
    (träge) sluggard; lazy; idle; slothful; indolent; shiftless;
    (verdächtig) fishy (ugs.); shady (ugs.);
    (verfault) bad; rotten; putrid
    * * *
    [faul]
    adj
    1) (= verfault) bad; Lebensmittel off pred (Brit), bad pred; Eier, Obst rotten, bad; Holz, Gesellschaftsordnung rotten; Geschmack, Geruch foul, putrid; Zahn bad, decayed; Laub rotting; Wasser foul
    2) (= verdächtig) fishy (inf), suspicious, dubious; (COMM) Wechsel, Scheck dud (inf); Kredit bad; (= fadenscheinig) Ausrede flimsy, feeble; Kompromiss uneasy; Friede empty; (= dumm) Witz bad

    hier ist etwas fáúl (inf) — there's something fishy here (inf)

    an der Sache ist etwas fáúl (inf) — there's something fishy about the whole business (inf)

    etwas ist fáúl im Staate Dänemark (prov) — there's something rotten in the State of Denmark (prov)

    3) (= träge) lazy, idle

    fáúl wie die Sünde — bone idle (Brit inf), very lazy

    See:
    * * *
    1) (odd or suspicious: There's something fishy about that man.) fishy
    2) ((especially of smell or taste) causing disgust: a foul smell.) foul
    3) (lazy: He has work to do, but he's idle and just sits around.) idle
    4) idly
    6) (too inclined to avoid hard work, exercise etc: I take the bus to work as I'm too lazy to walk; Lazy people tend to become fat.) lazy
    * * *
    [faul]
    1. (nicht fleißig) idle, lazy
    \fauler Sack (pej) lazy slob
    2. (verfault) rotten [or bad]; (verrottet) decayed, rotten
    \faule Blätter dead leaves; (faulig) foul
    3. (pej fam: nicht einwandfrei) feeble
    ein \fauler Kompromiss a shabby compromise
    ein \fauler Kredit a bad credit
    ein \fauler Kunde a shady customer
    ▪ an etw dat ist etw \faul sth is fishy about sth
    an diesem Angebot ist irgendwas \faul there's something fishy about this offer
    4. (ohne zu zögern)
    nicht \faul not slow
    5.
    ▶ etw ist \faul im Staate Dänemark (prov) there's something rotten in the State of Denmark
    * * *
    1.
    1) (verdorben) rotten, bad < food>; bad < tooth>; rotten < wood>; foul, stale < air>; foul < water>
    2) (träge) lazy; idle

    zu faul zu etwas sein/zu faul sein, etwas zu tun — be too lazy or idle for something/to do something

    auf der faulen Haut liegen/sich auf die faule Haut legen — take it easy

    3) (ugs.): (nicht einwandfrei) bad < joke>; dud < cheque>; false < peace>; lame < excuse>; shabby < compromise>; shady <business, customer>

    das ist doch [alles] fauler Zauber — it's [all] quite bogus

    4) (säumig) bad < debtor>
    2.
    adverbial (träge) lazily; idly
    * * *
    A. adj
    1. Obst, Gemüse, Ei, Zähne etc: rotten, bad; Fisch, Fleisch: bad, präd Br off, US bad; (stinkend) putrid; Holz: rotten; Wasser: foul, brackish; Luft: foul
    2. (träge) lazy, idle;
    faules Aas umg, pej Mann: lazy sod (US bum) sl; Frau: lazy bitch; umg, hum lazybones (sg)
    er, nicht faul, handelte sofort he was on the ball and took immediate action;
    du hast wohl heute deinen faulen Tag? you must be having your lazy day today;
    am Wochenende war ich mal so richtig schön faul I had a really lazy time at the weekend
    3. fig pej Ausrede: lame; Kompromiss etc: shabby; Friede: phon(e)y umg; Witz: bad; Scheck, Wechsel: dud; (verdächtig) Person: shady; Sache: fishy;
    fauler Zauber humbug;
    da ist doch etwas faul there’s something fishy about it;
    etwas ist faul im Staate Dänemark something is rotten in the state of Denmark
    B. adv:
    faul herumliegen laze around ( oder about);
    häng hier nicht faul rum, hilf mir lieber umg instead of hanging around doing nothing you could help me
    * * *
    1.
    1) (verdorben) rotten, bad < food>; bad < tooth>; rotten < wood>; foul, stale < air>; foul < water>
    2) (träge) lazy; idle

    zu faul zu etwas sein/zu faul sein, etwas zu tun — be too lazy or idle for something/to do something

    auf der faulen Haut liegen/sich auf die faule Haut legen — take it easy

    3) (ugs.): (nicht einwandfrei) bad < joke>; dud < cheque>; false < peace>; lame < excuse>; shabby < compromise>; shady <business, customer>

    das ist doch [alles] fauler Zauber — it's [all] quite bogus

    4) (säumig) bad < debtor>
    2.
    adverbial (träge) lazily; idly
    * * *
    adj.
    idle adj.
    lazy adj.
    slothful adj.
    sluggard adj.
    sluggish adj. adv.
    lazily adv.
    rottenly adv.
    slothfully adv.
    sluggishly adv.

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch > faul

  • 10 горький на вкус

    •

    Bases taste bitter or brackish.

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > горький на вкус

  • 11 горько-солёный

    of the taste of sea-water, brackish

    Русско-английский словарь Смирнитского > горько-солёный

  • 12 brækja

    u, f. a brackish, bad taste. brækir, m. a cognom., Landn.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > brækja

  • 13 горький на вкус

    •

    Bases taste bitter or brackish.

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > горький на вкус

  • 14 горько-солёный

    of the taste of sea-water (после сущ.); brackish

    Новый большой русско-английский словарь > горько-солёный

  • 15 amarum

    ămārus, a, um, adj. [cf. ômos; Sanscr. āmas = raw, amlas = sour; Germ. Ampfer = sorrel, Curtius; cf. Heb., mar = bitter], bitter (syn. acerbus).
    I.
    Lit., of tasto (opp. dulcis):

    absinthi latex,

    Lucr. 1, 941; 4, [p. 101] 15:

    amara atque aspera,

    id. 2, 404:

    sensusjudicat dulce, amarum,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 12; so id. N. D. 3, 13:

    salices,

    pungent, Verg. E. 1, 79: Doris amara, brackish, i. e. the sea, id. ib. 10, 5:

    os,

    bitter taste in the mouth, Cels. 1, 3:

    calices amariores,

    i. e. harsh wine, Cat. 27, 2:

    aquae amarissimae,

    Vulg. Num. 5, 18.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    Of the hearing, rough, sharp, shrill (cf. acer):

    sonitus,

    Stat. Th. 10, 553, and,
    2.
    Of smell, disagreeable, offensive:

    fructus amarus odore,

    Plin. 18, 12, 30, § 122.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Calamitous, unpleasant, sad (mostly poet.):

    amara dies et nectis amarior umbra,

    Tib. 2, 4, 11:

    casus,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 4, 15; so,

    amara mors,

    Vulg. 1 Reg. 15, 32:

    amores dulces aut amari,

    Verg. E. 3, 110:

    amarissimae leges necessitatis,

    Val. Max. 7, 6:

    amaritudo mea amarissima,

    Vulg. Isa. 38, 17.— Subst. plur., bitterness, bitter things:

    et amara laeto Temperet risu,

    Hor. C. 2, 16, 26:

    amara curarum,

    id. ib. 4, 12, 19.—
    B.
    Of speech, bitter, biting, acrimonious, sarcastic, caustic, severe:

    dictis amaris,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 31; so,

    scriptis,

    id. P. 4, 14, 37:

    hostis,

    Verg. A. 10, 900:

    sales,

    Quint. 10, 1, 117.—
    C.
    Of conduct, morose, ill - natured, sour, irritable: mulieres, * Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 88:

    amariorem me senectus facit,

    Cic. Att. 14, 21.— Adv., bitterly, in three forms:
    a.
    ămārē, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 78; Sen. Ben. 5, 23; Vulg. Isa. 22, 4; ib. Matt. 26, 75.— Comp., Macr. Somn. Scip. 2, 1.— Sup., Suet. Tib. 54.—
    * b.
    ămā-rĭter, Hier. Ep. 23.—
    c.
    ămārum, App. M. 6, p. 178, 26; Amm. 21, 9 fin.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > amarum

  • 16 amarus

    ămārus, a, um, adj. [cf. ômos; Sanscr. āmas = raw, amlas = sour; Germ. Ampfer = sorrel, Curtius; cf. Heb., mar = bitter], bitter (syn. acerbus).
    I.
    Lit., of tasto (opp. dulcis):

    absinthi latex,

    Lucr. 1, 941; 4, [p. 101] 15:

    amara atque aspera,

    id. 2, 404:

    sensusjudicat dulce, amarum,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 12; so id. N. D. 3, 13:

    salices,

    pungent, Verg. E. 1, 79: Doris amara, brackish, i. e. the sea, id. ib. 10, 5:

    os,

    bitter taste in the mouth, Cels. 1, 3:

    calices amariores,

    i. e. harsh wine, Cat. 27, 2:

    aquae amarissimae,

    Vulg. Num. 5, 18.—
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    Of the hearing, rough, sharp, shrill (cf. acer):

    sonitus,

    Stat. Th. 10, 553, and,
    2.
    Of smell, disagreeable, offensive:

    fructus amarus odore,

    Plin. 18, 12, 30, § 122.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Calamitous, unpleasant, sad (mostly poet.):

    amara dies et nectis amarior umbra,

    Tib. 2, 4, 11:

    casus,

    Ov. Tr. 5, 4, 15; so,

    amara mors,

    Vulg. 1 Reg. 15, 32:

    amores dulces aut amari,

    Verg. E. 3, 110:

    amarissimae leges necessitatis,

    Val. Max. 7, 6:

    amaritudo mea amarissima,

    Vulg. Isa. 38, 17.— Subst. plur., bitterness, bitter things:

    et amara laeto Temperet risu,

    Hor. C. 2, 16, 26:

    amara curarum,

    id. ib. 4, 12, 19.—
    B.
    Of speech, bitter, biting, acrimonious, sarcastic, caustic, severe:

    dictis amaris,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 31; so,

    scriptis,

    id. P. 4, 14, 37:

    hostis,

    Verg. A. 10, 900:

    sales,

    Quint. 10, 1, 117.—
    C.
    Of conduct, morose, ill - natured, sour, irritable: mulieres, * Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 88:

    amariorem me senectus facit,

    Cic. Att. 14, 21.— Adv., bitterly, in three forms:
    a.
    ămārē, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 78; Sen. Ben. 5, 23; Vulg. Isa. 22, 4; ib. Matt. 26, 75.— Comp., Macr. Somn. Scip. 2, 1.— Sup., Suet. Tib. 54.—
    * b.
    ămā-rĭter, Hier. Ep. 23.—
    c.
    ămārum, App. M. 6, p. 178, 26; Amm. 21, 9 fin.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > amarus

  • 17 Asper

    1.
    asper, ĕra, ĕrum, adj. (aspra = aspera, Enn. ap. App. Mag. p. 299, but Vahl. ad Enn. p. 166 reads spissa instead of aspra:

    aspris = asperis,

    Verg. A. 2, 379;

    aspro = aspero,

    Pall. Insit. 67) [etym. dub.; Doed. foll. by Hinter connects it with aspairô, to struggle, to resist; Corssen, Ausspr. II. p. 593, regards asper (i. e. ab spe) as the proper opposite of prosper (i. e. pro spe); thus asper originally meant hopeless, desperate; v. also id. ib. II. p. 870; cf. the use of res asperae as the opposite of res prosperae]; as affecting the sense of touch, rough, uneven (opp. lēvis or lenis; syn.: scaber, acutus, insuavis, acerbus, amarus, mordax, durus).
    I.
    1.. Lit.:

    lingua aspera tactu,

    Lucr. 6, 1150; cf. Verg. G. 3, 508; Ov. M. 7, 556; Luc. 4, 325:

    mixta aspera levibus,

    Lucr. 2, 471:

    in locis (spectatur) plani an montuosi, leves an asperi,

    Cic. Part. Or. 10, 36: Quid judicant sensus? dulce, amarum;

    lene, asperum,

    id. Fin. 2, 12, 36:

    tumulus asperi (sc. saxibus) soli,

    Liv. 25, 36: saxa, Enn. ap. Cic. Pis. 19; Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37; Pac. ap. Mar. Vict. p. 2522 P.; Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23; Lucr. 4, 147; Ov. M. 6, 76; cf.

    Leucas,

    Luc. 1, 42:

    loca,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 42, and Vulg. Act. 27, 29:

    viae asperae,

    ib. Bar. 4, 26:

    vallis aspera,

    ib. Deut. 21, 4 et saep.: unda, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2:

    glacies,

    Verg. E. 10, 49:

    hiems,

    Ov. M. 11, 490; Claud. ap. Prob. Cons. 270: Phasis, i. e. frozen, ice-bound, Prob. ap. Rufin. I. 375;

    and of climate: aspera caelo Germania,

    harsh, severe, Tac. G. 2: arteria. the windpipe (v. arteria), Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136; Cels. 4, 1.—Of raised work (i. e. bas-relief, etc., as being rough), as in Gr. trachus (cf. exaspero):

    aspera signis Pocula,

    Verg. A. 9, 263:

    Cymbiaque argento perfecta atque aspera signis,

    id. ib. 5, 267:

    signis exstantibus asper Antiquus crater,

    Ov. M. 12, 235 (cf.:

    stantem extra pocula caprum,

    Juv. 1, 76):

    Summus inaurato crater erat asper acantho,

    Ov. M. 13, 701:

    aspera pocula,

    Prop. 2, 6, 17:

    ebur,

    Sen. Hippol. 899:

    balteus,

    Val. Fl. 5, 578:

    cingula bacis,

    Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 89; cf. Drak. ad Sil. 11, 279:

    nummus,

    not worn smooth, new, Suet. Ner. 44; cf. Sen. Ep. 19:

    mare,

    agitated by a storm, rough, tempestuous, Liv. 37, 16.—Of things that have a rough, thorny, prickly exterior:

    barba,

    Tib. 1, 8, 32:

    sentes,

    Verg. A. 2, 379:

    rubus,

    id. E. 3, 89:

    mucro,

    Luc. 7, 139 (cf. Tac. A. 15, 54: pugionem vetustate obtusum asperari saxo jussit; v. aspero).—
    2.
    Meton., of food: He. Asper meus victus sanest. Er. Sentisne essitas? He. My fare is very rough. Er. Do you feed on brambles? Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 85; cf. id. ib. 3, 1, 37; also of a cough producing hoarseness:

    quas (fauces) aspera vexat Assidue tussis,

    Mart. 11, 86, 1.—
    3.
    Subst.: aspĕrum, i, n., an uneven, rough place:

    latens in asperis radix,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 67:

    aspera maris,

    Tac. A. 4, 6:

    propter aspera et confragosa,

    Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 53:

    per aspera et devia,

    Suet. Tib. 60:

    erunt aspera in vias planas,

    Vulg. Isa. 40, 4; ib. Luc. 3, 5.—Also in the sup. absol.:

    asperrimo hiemis Ticinum usque progressus,

    Tac. A. 3, 5.—
    II.
    Transf.
    1.
    Of taste, rough, harsh, sour, bitter, brackish, acrid, pungent:

    asperum, Pater, hoc (vinum) est: aliud lenius, sodes, vide,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49:

    asper sapor maris,

    Plin. 2, 100, 104, § 222: allium asperi saporis;

    quo plures nuclei fuere, hoc est asperius,

    id. 19, 6, 34, § 111:

    asperrimum piper,

    id. 12, 7, 14, § 27:

    acetum quam asperrimum,

    id. 20, 9, 39, § 97.—
    2.
    Of sound, rough, harsh, grating, etc.:

    (pronuntiationis genus) lene, asperum,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 216.—Hence a poet. epithet of the letter R ( also called littera canina), Ov. F. 5, 481.—In rhetoric, rough, rugged, irregular: quidam praefractam et asperam compositionem probant;

    virilem putant et fortem, quae aurem inaequalitate percutiat,

    Sen. Ep. 114; cf. Cic. Or. 16, 53:

    duram potius atque asperam compositionem malim esse quam effeminatam et enervem,

    Quint. 9, 4, 142. And in gram., spiritus asper, the h sound, the aspirate, Prisc. p. 572 P.—
    3.
    Of smell, sharp, pungent:

    herba odoris asperi,

    Plin. 27, 8, 41, § 64.—
    III.
    Trop.
    A.
    a.. Of moral qualities, rough, harsh, hard, violent, unkind, rude (cf.: acerbus, acer, and Wagner ad Verg. A. 1, 14):

    quos naturā putes asperos atque omnibus iniquos,

    Cic. Planc. 16, 40:

    orator truculentus, asper, maledicus,

    id. Brut. 34, 129:

    aspera Juno,

    Verg. A. 1, 279:

    juvenis monitoribus asper,

    Hor. A. P. 163:

    patres vestros, asperrimos illos ad condicionem pacis,

    Liv. 22, 59; cf. id. 2, 27:

    rebus non asper egenis,

    Verg. A. 8, 365:

    cladibus asper,

    exasperated, Ov. M. 14, 485:

    asperaque est illi difficilisque Venus,

    unfriendly, Tib. 1, 9, 20; cf. id. 1, 6, 2:

    (Galatea) acrior igni, Asperior tribulis, fetā truculentior ursā,

    Ov. M. 13, 803:

    Quam aspera est nimium sapientia indoctis hominibus,

    Vulg. Eccli. 6, 21:

    asper contemptor divom Mezentius,

    Verg. A. 7, 647:

    aspera Pholoe,

    coy, Hor. C. 1, 33, 6.—Of a harsh, austere, rigid view of life, or manner of living:

    accessit istuc doctrina (sc. Stoicorum) non moderata nec mitis, sed paulo asperior et durior quam aut veritas aut natura patiatur,

    Cic. Mur. 29:

    (Stoici) horridiores evadunt, asperiores, duriores et oratione et verbis,

    id. Fin. 4, 28, 78 (v. asperitas, II. A.):

    (Cato) asperi animi et linguae acerbae et immodice liberae fuit, sed rigidae innocentiae,

    Liv. 39, 40:

    (Karthago) studiis asperrima belli,

    Verg. A. 1, 14, ubi v. Wagner:

    Camilla aspera,

    id. ib. 11, 664; cf.:

    gens laboribus et bellis asperrima,

    Just. 2, 3:

    virgo aspera,

    i. e. Diana, Sen. Med. 87.—
    b.
    Of animals, wild, savage, fierce:

    (anguis) asper siti atque exterritus aestu,

    Verg. G. 3, 434:

    bos aspera cornu, i. e. minax,

    id. ib. 3, 57; cf. Hor. Epod. 6, 11:

    ille (lupus) asper Saevit,

    Verg. A. 9, 62:

    lupus dulcedine sanguinis asper,

    Ov. M. 11, 402:

    ille (leo) asper retro redit,

    Verg. A. 9, 794:

    tigris aspera,

    Hor. C. 1, 23, 9; 3, 2, 10:

    (equus) asper frena pati,

    Sil. 3, 387.—
    B.
    Of things, rough, harsh, troublesome, adverse, calamitous, cruel, etc. (most freq. in the poets):

    in periculis et asperis temporibus,

    Cic. Balb. 9: qui labores, pericula, dubias atque asperas res facile toleraverant, Sall. C. 10, 2: mala res, spes multo asperior, ( our) circumstances are bad, ( our) prospects still worse, id. ib. 20, 13:

    venatus,

    Verg. A. 8, 318:

    bellum,

    Sall. J. 48, 1; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7:

    pugna,

    Verg. A. 11, 635; 12, 124:

    fata,

    id. ib. 6, 882:

    odia,

    id. ib. 2, 96.— Absol.:

    multa aspera,

    Prop. 1, 18, 13; Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 21 al.—Of discourse, severe, abusive:

    asperioribus facetiis perstringere aliquem,

    Cic. Planc. 14; Tac. A. 15, 68:

    verba,

    Tib. 4, 4, 14; Ov. P. 2, 6, 8; Vulg. Psa. 90, 3:

    vox,

    Curt. 7, 1.— Adv.
    a.
    Old form asperĭter, roughly, harshly: cubare, Naev. ap. Non. p. 513, 21; Plaut. ap. Prisc. p. 1010 P.—
    b.
    Class. form aspĕrē (in fig. signif.), roughly, harshly, severely, vehemently, etc.
    1.
    Transf.:

    loqui,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45; Quint. 6, 5, 5:

    dicere,

    id. 2, 8, 15:

    syllabae aspere coëuntes,

    id. 1, 1, 37.—
    2.
    Trop.:

    aspere accipere aliquid,

    Tac. A. 4, 31:

    aspere et acerbe accusare aliquem,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 5, 6:

    aspere agere aliquid,

    Liv. 3, 50:

    aspere et ferociter et libere dicta,

    Cic. Planc. 13, 33; Quint. 6, 3, 28:

    aspere et vehementer loqui,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227: ne quid aspere loquaris, * Vulg. Gen. 31, 24.— Comp.:

    asperius loqui aliquid,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227:

    asperius scribere de aliquo,

    id. Att. 9, 15.— Sup.:

    asperrime loqui in aliquem,

    Cic. Att. 2, 22, 5:

    asperrime pati aliquid,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 37, 1:

    asperrime saevire in aliquem,

    Vell. 2, 7.
    2.
    Asper, eri, m.
    I.
    A cognomen of L. Trebonius:

    L. Trebonius... insectandis patribus, unde Aspero etiam inditum est cognomen, tribunatum gessit,

    Liv. 3, 65, 4. —
    II.
    Asper, Aspri (Prob. p. 201 Keil), m., a Latin grammarian, two of whose treatises have come down to us; v. Teuffel, Rom. Lit. § 474, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Asper

  • 18 asper

    1.
    asper, ĕra, ĕrum, adj. (aspra = aspera, Enn. ap. App. Mag. p. 299, but Vahl. ad Enn. p. 166 reads spissa instead of aspra:

    aspris = asperis,

    Verg. A. 2, 379;

    aspro = aspero,

    Pall. Insit. 67) [etym. dub.; Doed. foll. by Hinter connects it with aspairô, to struggle, to resist; Corssen, Ausspr. II. p. 593, regards asper (i. e. ab spe) as the proper opposite of prosper (i. e. pro spe); thus asper originally meant hopeless, desperate; v. also id. ib. II. p. 870; cf. the use of res asperae as the opposite of res prosperae]; as affecting the sense of touch, rough, uneven (opp. lēvis or lenis; syn.: scaber, acutus, insuavis, acerbus, amarus, mordax, durus).
    I.
    1.. Lit.:

    lingua aspera tactu,

    Lucr. 6, 1150; cf. Verg. G. 3, 508; Ov. M. 7, 556; Luc. 4, 325:

    mixta aspera levibus,

    Lucr. 2, 471:

    in locis (spectatur) plani an montuosi, leves an asperi,

    Cic. Part. Or. 10, 36: Quid judicant sensus? dulce, amarum;

    lene, asperum,

    id. Fin. 2, 12, 36:

    tumulus asperi (sc. saxibus) soli,

    Liv. 25, 36: saxa, Enn. ap. Cic. Pis. 19; Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37; Pac. ap. Mar. Vict. p. 2522 P.; Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23; Lucr. 4, 147; Ov. M. 6, 76; cf.

    Leucas,

    Luc. 1, 42:

    loca,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 42, and Vulg. Act. 27, 29:

    viae asperae,

    ib. Bar. 4, 26:

    vallis aspera,

    ib. Deut. 21, 4 et saep.: unda, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2:

    glacies,

    Verg. E. 10, 49:

    hiems,

    Ov. M. 11, 490; Claud. ap. Prob. Cons. 270: Phasis, i. e. frozen, ice-bound, Prob. ap. Rufin. I. 375;

    and of climate: aspera caelo Germania,

    harsh, severe, Tac. G. 2: arteria. the windpipe (v. arteria), Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136; Cels. 4, 1.—Of raised work (i. e. bas-relief, etc., as being rough), as in Gr. trachus (cf. exaspero):

    aspera signis Pocula,

    Verg. A. 9, 263:

    Cymbiaque argento perfecta atque aspera signis,

    id. ib. 5, 267:

    signis exstantibus asper Antiquus crater,

    Ov. M. 12, 235 (cf.:

    stantem extra pocula caprum,

    Juv. 1, 76):

    Summus inaurato crater erat asper acantho,

    Ov. M. 13, 701:

    aspera pocula,

    Prop. 2, 6, 17:

    ebur,

    Sen. Hippol. 899:

    balteus,

    Val. Fl. 5, 578:

    cingula bacis,

    Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 89; cf. Drak. ad Sil. 11, 279:

    nummus,

    not worn smooth, new, Suet. Ner. 44; cf. Sen. Ep. 19:

    mare,

    agitated by a storm, rough, tempestuous, Liv. 37, 16.—Of things that have a rough, thorny, prickly exterior:

    barba,

    Tib. 1, 8, 32:

    sentes,

    Verg. A. 2, 379:

    rubus,

    id. E. 3, 89:

    mucro,

    Luc. 7, 139 (cf. Tac. A. 15, 54: pugionem vetustate obtusum asperari saxo jussit; v. aspero).—
    2.
    Meton., of food: He. Asper meus victus sanest. Er. Sentisne essitas? He. My fare is very rough. Er. Do you feed on brambles? Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 85; cf. id. ib. 3, 1, 37; also of a cough producing hoarseness:

    quas (fauces) aspera vexat Assidue tussis,

    Mart. 11, 86, 1.—
    3.
    Subst.: aspĕrum, i, n., an uneven, rough place:

    latens in asperis radix,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 67:

    aspera maris,

    Tac. A. 4, 6:

    propter aspera et confragosa,

    Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 53:

    per aspera et devia,

    Suet. Tib. 60:

    erunt aspera in vias planas,

    Vulg. Isa. 40, 4; ib. Luc. 3, 5.—Also in the sup. absol.:

    asperrimo hiemis Ticinum usque progressus,

    Tac. A. 3, 5.—
    II.
    Transf.
    1.
    Of taste, rough, harsh, sour, bitter, brackish, acrid, pungent:

    asperum, Pater, hoc (vinum) est: aliud lenius, sodes, vide,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49:

    asper sapor maris,

    Plin. 2, 100, 104, § 222: allium asperi saporis;

    quo plures nuclei fuere, hoc est asperius,

    id. 19, 6, 34, § 111:

    asperrimum piper,

    id. 12, 7, 14, § 27:

    acetum quam asperrimum,

    id. 20, 9, 39, § 97.—
    2.
    Of sound, rough, harsh, grating, etc.:

    (pronuntiationis genus) lene, asperum,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 216.—Hence a poet. epithet of the letter R ( also called littera canina), Ov. F. 5, 481.—In rhetoric, rough, rugged, irregular: quidam praefractam et asperam compositionem probant;

    virilem putant et fortem, quae aurem inaequalitate percutiat,

    Sen. Ep. 114; cf. Cic. Or. 16, 53:

    duram potius atque asperam compositionem malim esse quam effeminatam et enervem,

    Quint. 9, 4, 142. And in gram., spiritus asper, the h sound, the aspirate, Prisc. p. 572 P.—
    3.
    Of smell, sharp, pungent:

    herba odoris asperi,

    Plin. 27, 8, 41, § 64.—
    III.
    Trop.
    A.
    a.. Of moral qualities, rough, harsh, hard, violent, unkind, rude (cf.: acerbus, acer, and Wagner ad Verg. A. 1, 14):

    quos naturā putes asperos atque omnibus iniquos,

    Cic. Planc. 16, 40:

    orator truculentus, asper, maledicus,

    id. Brut. 34, 129:

    aspera Juno,

    Verg. A. 1, 279:

    juvenis monitoribus asper,

    Hor. A. P. 163:

    patres vestros, asperrimos illos ad condicionem pacis,

    Liv. 22, 59; cf. id. 2, 27:

    rebus non asper egenis,

    Verg. A. 8, 365:

    cladibus asper,

    exasperated, Ov. M. 14, 485:

    asperaque est illi difficilisque Venus,

    unfriendly, Tib. 1, 9, 20; cf. id. 1, 6, 2:

    (Galatea) acrior igni, Asperior tribulis, fetā truculentior ursā,

    Ov. M. 13, 803:

    Quam aspera est nimium sapientia indoctis hominibus,

    Vulg. Eccli. 6, 21:

    asper contemptor divom Mezentius,

    Verg. A. 7, 647:

    aspera Pholoe,

    coy, Hor. C. 1, 33, 6.—Of a harsh, austere, rigid view of life, or manner of living:

    accessit istuc doctrina (sc. Stoicorum) non moderata nec mitis, sed paulo asperior et durior quam aut veritas aut natura patiatur,

    Cic. Mur. 29:

    (Stoici) horridiores evadunt, asperiores, duriores et oratione et verbis,

    id. Fin. 4, 28, 78 (v. asperitas, II. A.):

    (Cato) asperi animi et linguae acerbae et immodice liberae fuit, sed rigidae innocentiae,

    Liv. 39, 40:

    (Karthago) studiis asperrima belli,

    Verg. A. 1, 14, ubi v. Wagner:

    Camilla aspera,

    id. ib. 11, 664; cf.:

    gens laboribus et bellis asperrima,

    Just. 2, 3:

    virgo aspera,

    i. e. Diana, Sen. Med. 87.—
    b.
    Of animals, wild, savage, fierce:

    (anguis) asper siti atque exterritus aestu,

    Verg. G. 3, 434:

    bos aspera cornu, i. e. minax,

    id. ib. 3, 57; cf. Hor. Epod. 6, 11:

    ille (lupus) asper Saevit,

    Verg. A. 9, 62:

    lupus dulcedine sanguinis asper,

    Ov. M. 11, 402:

    ille (leo) asper retro redit,

    Verg. A. 9, 794:

    tigris aspera,

    Hor. C. 1, 23, 9; 3, 2, 10:

    (equus) asper frena pati,

    Sil. 3, 387.—
    B.
    Of things, rough, harsh, troublesome, adverse, calamitous, cruel, etc. (most freq. in the poets):

    in periculis et asperis temporibus,

    Cic. Balb. 9: qui labores, pericula, dubias atque asperas res facile toleraverant, Sall. C. 10, 2: mala res, spes multo asperior, ( our) circumstances are bad, ( our) prospects still worse, id. ib. 20, 13:

    venatus,

    Verg. A. 8, 318:

    bellum,

    Sall. J. 48, 1; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7:

    pugna,

    Verg. A. 11, 635; 12, 124:

    fata,

    id. ib. 6, 882:

    odia,

    id. ib. 2, 96.— Absol.:

    multa aspera,

    Prop. 1, 18, 13; Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 21 al.—Of discourse, severe, abusive:

    asperioribus facetiis perstringere aliquem,

    Cic. Planc. 14; Tac. A. 15, 68:

    verba,

    Tib. 4, 4, 14; Ov. P. 2, 6, 8; Vulg. Psa. 90, 3:

    vox,

    Curt. 7, 1.— Adv.
    a.
    Old form asperĭter, roughly, harshly: cubare, Naev. ap. Non. p. 513, 21; Plaut. ap. Prisc. p. 1010 P.—
    b.
    Class. form aspĕrē (in fig. signif.), roughly, harshly, severely, vehemently, etc.
    1.
    Transf.:

    loqui,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45; Quint. 6, 5, 5:

    dicere,

    id. 2, 8, 15:

    syllabae aspere coëuntes,

    id. 1, 1, 37.—
    2.
    Trop.:

    aspere accipere aliquid,

    Tac. A. 4, 31:

    aspere et acerbe accusare aliquem,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 5, 6:

    aspere agere aliquid,

    Liv. 3, 50:

    aspere et ferociter et libere dicta,

    Cic. Planc. 13, 33; Quint. 6, 3, 28:

    aspere et vehementer loqui,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227: ne quid aspere loquaris, * Vulg. Gen. 31, 24.— Comp.:

    asperius loqui aliquid,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227:

    asperius scribere de aliquo,

    id. Att. 9, 15.— Sup.:

    asperrime loqui in aliquem,

    Cic. Att. 2, 22, 5:

    asperrime pati aliquid,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 37, 1:

    asperrime saevire in aliquem,

    Vell. 2, 7.
    2.
    Asper, eri, m.
    I.
    A cognomen of L. Trebonius:

    L. Trebonius... insectandis patribus, unde Aspero etiam inditum est cognomen, tribunatum gessit,

    Liv. 3, 65, 4. —
    II.
    Asper, Aspri (Prob. p. 201 Keil), m., a Latin grammarian, two of whose treatises have come down to us; v. Teuffel, Rom. Lit. § 474, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > asper

  • 19 asperum

    1.
    asper, ĕra, ĕrum, adj. (aspra = aspera, Enn. ap. App. Mag. p. 299, but Vahl. ad Enn. p. 166 reads spissa instead of aspra:

    aspris = asperis,

    Verg. A. 2, 379;

    aspro = aspero,

    Pall. Insit. 67) [etym. dub.; Doed. foll. by Hinter connects it with aspairô, to struggle, to resist; Corssen, Ausspr. II. p. 593, regards asper (i. e. ab spe) as the proper opposite of prosper (i. e. pro spe); thus asper originally meant hopeless, desperate; v. also id. ib. II. p. 870; cf. the use of res asperae as the opposite of res prosperae]; as affecting the sense of touch, rough, uneven (opp. lēvis or lenis; syn.: scaber, acutus, insuavis, acerbus, amarus, mordax, durus).
    I.
    1.. Lit.:

    lingua aspera tactu,

    Lucr. 6, 1150; cf. Verg. G. 3, 508; Ov. M. 7, 556; Luc. 4, 325:

    mixta aspera levibus,

    Lucr. 2, 471:

    in locis (spectatur) plani an montuosi, leves an asperi,

    Cic. Part. Or. 10, 36: Quid judicant sensus? dulce, amarum;

    lene, asperum,

    id. Fin. 2, 12, 36:

    tumulus asperi (sc. saxibus) soli,

    Liv. 25, 36: saxa, Enn. ap. Cic. Pis. 19; Cic. Tusc. 1, 16, 37; Pac. ap. Mar. Vict. p. 2522 P.; Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23; Lucr. 4, 147; Ov. M. 6, 76; cf.

    Leucas,

    Luc. 1, 42:

    loca,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 42, and Vulg. Act. 27, 29:

    viae asperae,

    ib. Bar. 4, 26:

    vallis aspera,

    ib. Deut. 21, 4 et saep.: unda, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2:

    glacies,

    Verg. E. 10, 49:

    hiems,

    Ov. M. 11, 490; Claud. ap. Prob. Cons. 270: Phasis, i. e. frozen, ice-bound, Prob. ap. Rufin. I. 375;

    and of climate: aspera caelo Germania,

    harsh, severe, Tac. G. 2: arteria. the windpipe (v. arteria), Cic. N. D. 2, 54, 136; Cels. 4, 1.—Of raised work (i. e. bas-relief, etc., as being rough), as in Gr. trachus (cf. exaspero):

    aspera signis Pocula,

    Verg. A. 9, 263:

    Cymbiaque argento perfecta atque aspera signis,

    id. ib. 5, 267:

    signis exstantibus asper Antiquus crater,

    Ov. M. 12, 235 (cf.:

    stantem extra pocula caprum,

    Juv. 1, 76):

    Summus inaurato crater erat asper acantho,

    Ov. M. 13, 701:

    aspera pocula,

    Prop. 2, 6, 17:

    ebur,

    Sen. Hippol. 899:

    balteus,

    Val. Fl. 5, 578:

    cingula bacis,

    Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 89; cf. Drak. ad Sil. 11, 279:

    nummus,

    not worn smooth, new, Suet. Ner. 44; cf. Sen. Ep. 19:

    mare,

    agitated by a storm, rough, tempestuous, Liv. 37, 16.—Of things that have a rough, thorny, prickly exterior:

    barba,

    Tib. 1, 8, 32:

    sentes,

    Verg. A. 2, 379:

    rubus,

    id. E. 3, 89:

    mucro,

    Luc. 7, 139 (cf. Tac. A. 15, 54: pugionem vetustate obtusum asperari saxo jussit; v. aspero).—
    2.
    Meton., of food: He. Asper meus victus sanest. Er. Sentisne essitas? He. My fare is very rough. Er. Do you feed on brambles? Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 85; cf. id. ib. 3, 1, 37; also of a cough producing hoarseness:

    quas (fauces) aspera vexat Assidue tussis,

    Mart. 11, 86, 1.—
    3.
    Subst.: aspĕrum, i, n., an uneven, rough place:

    latens in asperis radix,

    Hor. Epod. 5, 67:

    aspera maris,

    Tac. A. 4, 6:

    propter aspera et confragosa,

    Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 53:

    per aspera et devia,

    Suet. Tib. 60:

    erunt aspera in vias planas,

    Vulg. Isa. 40, 4; ib. Luc. 3, 5.—Also in the sup. absol.:

    asperrimo hiemis Ticinum usque progressus,

    Tac. A. 3, 5.—
    II.
    Transf.
    1.
    Of taste, rough, harsh, sour, bitter, brackish, acrid, pungent:

    asperum, Pater, hoc (vinum) est: aliud lenius, sodes, vide,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 49:

    asper sapor maris,

    Plin. 2, 100, 104, § 222: allium asperi saporis;

    quo plures nuclei fuere, hoc est asperius,

    id. 19, 6, 34, § 111:

    asperrimum piper,

    id. 12, 7, 14, § 27:

    acetum quam asperrimum,

    id. 20, 9, 39, § 97.—
    2.
    Of sound, rough, harsh, grating, etc.:

    (pronuntiationis genus) lene, asperum,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 216.—Hence a poet. epithet of the letter R ( also called littera canina), Ov. F. 5, 481.—In rhetoric, rough, rugged, irregular: quidam praefractam et asperam compositionem probant;

    virilem putant et fortem, quae aurem inaequalitate percutiat,

    Sen. Ep. 114; cf. Cic. Or. 16, 53:

    duram potius atque asperam compositionem malim esse quam effeminatam et enervem,

    Quint. 9, 4, 142. And in gram., spiritus asper, the h sound, the aspirate, Prisc. p. 572 P.—
    3.
    Of smell, sharp, pungent:

    herba odoris asperi,

    Plin. 27, 8, 41, § 64.—
    III.
    Trop.
    A.
    a.. Of moral qualities, rough, harsh, hard, violent, unkind, rude (cf.: acerbus, acer, and Wagner ad Verg. A. 1, 14):

    quos naturā putes asperos atque omnibus iniquos,

    Cic. Planc. 16, 40:

    orator truculentus, asper, maledicus,

    id. Brut. 34, 129:

    aspera Juno,

    Verg. A. 1, 279:

    juvenis monitoribus asper,

    Hor. A. P. 163:

    patres vestros, asperrimos illos ad condicionem pacis,

    Liv. 22, 59; cf. id. 2, 27:

    rebus non asper egenis,

    Verg. A. 8, 365:

    cladibus asper,

    exasperated, Ov. M. 14, 485:

    asperaque est illi difficilisque Venus,

    unfriendly, Tib. 1, 9, 20; cf. id. 1, 6, 2:

    (Galatea) acrior igni, Asperior tribulis, fetā truculentior ursā,

    Ov. M. 13, 803:

    Quam aspera est nimium sapientia indoctis hominibus,

    Vulg. Eccli. 6, 21:

    asper contemptor divom Mezentius,

    Verg. A. 7, 647:

    aspera Pholoe,

    coy, Hor. C. 1, 33, 6.—Of a harsh, austere, rigid view of life, or manner of living:

    accessit istuc doctrina (sc. Stoicorum) non moderata nec mitis, sed paulo asperior et durior quam aut veritas aut natura patiatur,

    Cic. Mur. 29:

    (Stoici) horridiores evadunt, asperiores, duriores et oratione et verbis,

    id. Fin. 4, 28, 78 (v. asperitas, II. A.):

    (Cato) asperi animi et linguae acerbae et immodice liberae fuit, sed rigidae innocentiae,

    Liv. 39, 40:

    (Karthago) studiis asperrima belli,

    Verg. A. 1, 14, ubi v. Wagner:

    Camilla aspera,

    id. ib. 11, 664; cf.:

    gens laboribus et bellis asperrima,

    Just. 2, 3:

    virgo aspera,

    i. e. Diana, Sen. Med. 87.—
    b.
    Of animals, wild, savage, fierce:

    (anguis) asper siti atque exterritus aestu,

    Verg. G. 3, 434:

    bos aspera cornu, i. e. minax,

    id. ib. 3, 57; cf. Hor. Epod. 6, 11:

    ille (lupus) asper Saevit,

    Verg. A. 9, 62:

    lupus dulcedine sanguinis asper,

    Ov. M. 11, 402:

    ille (leo) asper retro redit,

    Verg. A. 9, 794:

    tigris aspera,

    Hor. C. 1, 23, 9; 3, 2, 10:

    (equus) asper frena pati,

    Sil. 3, 387.—
    B.
    Of things, rough, harsh, troublesome, adverse, calamitous, cruel, etc. (most freq. in the poets):

    in periculis et asperis temporibus,

    Cic. Balb. 9: qui labores, pericula, dubias atque asperas res facile toleraverant, Sall. C. 10, 2: mala res, spes multo asperior, ( our) circumstances are bad, ( our) prospects still worse, id. ib. 20, 13:

    venatus,

    Verg. A. 8, 318:

    bellum,

    Sall. J. 48, 1; Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 7:

    pugna,

    Verg. A. 11, 635; 12, 124:

    fata,

    id. ib. 6, 882:

    odia,

    id. ib. 2, 96.— Absol.:

    multa aspera,

    Prop. 1, 18, 13; Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 21 al.—Of discourse, severe, abusive:

    asperioribus facetiis perstringere aliquem,

    Cic. Planc. 14; Tac. A. 15, 68:

    verba,

    Tib. 4, 4, 14; Ov. P. 2, 6, 8; Vulg. Psa. 90, 3:

    vox,

    Curt. 7, 1.— Adv.
    a.
    Old form asperĭter, roughly, harshly: cubare, Naev. ap. Non. p. 513, 21; Plaut. ap. Prisc. p. 1010 P.—
    b.
    Class. form aspĕrē (in fig. signif.), roughly, harshly, severely, vehemently, etc.
    1.
    Transf.:

    loqui,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45; Quint. 6, 5, 5:

    dicere,

    id. 2, 8, 15:

    syllabae aspere coëuntes,

    id. 1, 1, 37.—
    2.
    Trop.:

    aspere accipere aliquid,

    Tac. A. 4, 31:

    aspere et acerbe accusare aliquem,

    Cic. Fam. 1, 5, 6:

    aspere agere aliquid,

    Liv. 3, 50:

    aspere et ferociter et libere dicta,

    Cic. Planc. 13, 33; Quint. 6, 3, 28:

    aspere et vehementer loqui,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227: ne quid aspere loquaris, * Vulg. Gen. 31, 24.— Comp.:

    asperius loqui aliquid,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 227:

    asperius scribere de aliquo,

    id. Att. 9, 15.— Sup.:

    asperrime loqui in aliquem,

    Cic. Att. 2, 22, 5:

    asperrime pati aliquid,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 37, 1:

    asperrime saevire in aliquem,

    Vell. 2, 7.
    2.
    Asper, eri, m.
    I.
    A cognomen of L. Trebonius:

    L. Trebonius... insectandis patribus, unde Aspero etiam inditum est cognomen, tribunatum gessit,

    Liv. 3, 65, 4. —
    II.
    Asper, Aspri (Prob. p. 201 Keil), m., a Latin grammarian, two of whose treatises have come down to us; v. Teuffel, Rom. Lit. § 474, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > asperum

  • 20 ἁλμυρός

    ἁλμῠρ-ός, ά, όν, ([etym.] ἅλμη)
    A salt, briny, Hom. only in Od., and always in phrase ἁ. ὕδωρ salt sea-water, 4.511, etc.;

    πόντος Hes.Th. 107

    , Alc.26;

    θάλασσα Sapph.Supp.25.10

    ;

    καθ' ἁ. ἅλα Epich.53

    , E.Tr.76;

    βένθεα Pi.O.7.57

    ; ποταμός, of the Hellespont, Hdt.7.35.
    2 in Prose, of taste, salt,

    γίνεται τὸ στόμα ἁ. Hp.

    Acut.(Sp.)44;

    ὄψα ἀ. X.Cyr.6.2.31

    , cf. Hp.Vict.1.56;

    αἷμα Pl.Ti. 84a

     s.v.l.; of drinking-water, brackish, Th.4.26; ofsoil, Thphr. CP6.10.1, LXX Je.17.6; opp. μῶρος (insipid), Com.Adesp.596.
    3 metaph., bitter, distasteful,

    γειτόνημα Alcm.116

    , cf. Pl.Lg. 705a;

    ἀκοή Phdr. 243d

    ;

    λόγοι Ath.3.121e

    ; ἁλμυρὰ κλαίειν weep bitterly, Theoc.23.34;

    ἁλμυρὸν καταπτύσαι Cerc.19.37

    .
    b piquant,

    ἁ. καὶ δριμύ Plu.2.685e

    .

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἁλμυρός

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